According to the Department of Foreign Employment (DoFE), the Israeli Government has selected 1,175 Nepali job seekers, including 821 women and 354 men.

In January 2021, Nepal and Israel signed an ‘Implementation Protocol’ for the implementation of ‘Agreement related to temporary employment of Nepali workers in the labor market of Israel’.

As per the agreement, the Israeli Government has made public the list of 1,175 Nepalis selected for employment in their country.

The shortlisted Nepali youths will get the opportunity to work as caregivers and in hospitals, nursing homes, and daycare centers.

Israel is one of the most lucrative foreign employment destinations for Nepalis. The Middle Eastern nation provides most of the jobs related to caregivers.

According to the Nepali Embassy in Tel Aviv, there are around 2,500 Nepalis working in Israel.

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A total of 14,753 Nepalis received permission for foreign employment in the month of Paush (mid-December to mid-January), the highest monthly count since the onset of the pandemic.

According to the government records, the Department of Foreign Employment issued approvals to 13,397 men and 1,356 women to work abroad.

Among the total applications, 7,544 were re-entry permits, and the remaining 7,209 were new permits.

No. of permits issued based on foreign countries are:

• 4,772 – United Arab Emirates
• 3,882 – Qatar
• 3,763 in Saudi Arabia

No. of applicants based on Nepali districts:

• 903 – Dhanusha
• 747 – Jhapa
• 712 – Siraha
• 578 – Morang
• 526 – Nawalparasi
• 501 – Sunsari

According to the Foreign Employment Department, the number of applications for foreign employment increased in recent days as the government allowed the renewal of labor permits through an online system from 2021.

During mid-November and mid-December, 12,431 individuals received labor permits, while the number stood at 7,797 in the previous month.

On March 3, the Nepali Government suspended issuing overseas labor permits with the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. It has resumed operations on September 1. Since then, around 42,000 Nepalis have taken permits for foreign employment.

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According to the World Bank’s Nepal Jobs Diagnostic Report, around 3.8 million wage jobs were added to Nepal’s economy between 2008 and 2018.

The share of wage employment in total employment in Nepal increased significantly from 17% in 2008 to 24% in 2018. Simultaneously, the portion of unpaid workers and self-employed farmers declined drastically, especially among men.

Though Nepal had slower GDP growth than many South Asian countries, the nation witnessed faster job growth during the last decade. On average, Nepal’s total employment growth increased by 3% per year. Meanwhile, wage employment increased at 7% per year, compared to 2% of non-wage jobs.

The employment growth can be primarily attributed to the gradual shift in Nepal’s economy from a largely subsistence agricultural sector to modern industry and services.

In the last decade, agriculture’s share of employment and domestic output has declined, while the industry has witnessed steady growth, now accounting for over half of total domestic production.

During the review period, many men have started working in construction, manufacturing, commerce, and transportation. Even though most of these jobs are informal or temporary wage jobs, they are more productive and significantly improved livelihoods than farm work.

Sectoral Shares of Employment

Sectoral Shares of Value Added

In addition to the four million wage jobs in Nepal, around 2.8 million Nepalis were engaged in foreign employment. Most of these foreign migrants are men, 75% are under age 35, and 85% have less than secondary education. However, despite the mostly unskilled nature of the work, the foreign migrants earn much higher wages than those employed at home.

Wage Employment in Nepal and Abroad

Other Notable Statistics Revealed by the Report

• Extreme poverty dropped from 46% in 1996 to 15% in 2011
• Over 50% of employment is in subsistence activities, and 60 % is in unpaid work
• Only 7% of employment is in formal wage jobs

“The shift towards wage employment signals a fundamental change in Nepal’s economic development and is similar to patterns seen worldwide. As economies diversify their production activities and increase scale economies, employment becomes more specialized and more productive, and jobs are increasingly based in firms rather than self-employment and pay more,” said Elizabeth Ruppert Bulmer, the main author of the report.

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“As per the provision of the bilateral agreement, both countries will form the technical committee. The committee will play a major role to implement BLA and protect Nepali migrant workers in Jordan,” says Bhuwan Kumar Acharya, Spokesperson for the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MoLE) Nepal.

According to Acharya, Joint Secretaries of both the countries will lead the technical committee and form base for successful implementation of BLA.

As per the agreement, the joint committee will form another special committee to address the disputes between workers and the company they are working in and to provide security to Nepali migrant workers during their job tenure.

Free Visa and Ticket Under BLA

The Labor and Employment Minister of Nepal Farmullha Mansur and his Jordanian counterpart Ali Ghezawi signed BLA in Kathmandu on October 18, 2017.

BLA ensures free visa and ticket for the Nepali migrant workers working/moving to work in Jordan for employment.

Nepali migrants are already enjoying similar services in case of foreign destinations such as Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Malaysia and Oman, and Jordan is joined the list with BLA.

Under BLA, both the governments have also agreed to select migrant workers without subjecting them to any cost burden, issue authentic contract paper and provide full insurance during the contract period along with a minimum salary.

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The Ministry, in its report data released on the occasion of International Youth Day on August 13, 2017, revealed that 1,600 Nepali youth leave the country for foreign employment each day and this number is increasing day-by-day.

According to the report, around 538,000 youth moved out of the country for foreign employment in the 2015-16 fiscal year.

Joint Secretary at the Ministry Ram Prasad Thapaliya raised concerns over such trend among Nepali youth population.

In his address at a programme held in Kathmandu to mark the day, Ram Prasad said such a massive departure of the economically-active population to foreign lands impacted development of the country.

Meanwhile, Nepali Commerce Minister Min Bahadur Bishwokarma pitched on the need for organising more number of youth-related programmes in the country to retain youth from leaving the country. He also pointed out at lack of political stability over the issue.

UN Concerned Over Nepali Youth

The United Nations, in its report released in July 2017, also pointed at weak infrastructure and developmental support for youth population in Nepal. In this regard, UN urged the Government of Nepal to invest in youth for country’s overall development.

Nepal should invest in education, skill development, empowerment and employment to get benefited from the demographic dividend, says the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).

Referring to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), which reported that 32.8 percent of Nepalese comprised of adolescents and youths in 2011 and the proportion will remain above 25 percent until 2031, the UN report noted that this group of young population will add to the economic development of the country if provided with proper learning and work opportunities.

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